![]() ![]() You can specify the dependencies in make and it will build only the minimum amount to reflect the changes you made. With languages like C/C++ you can have "units" of your program which each depend on different sets of code, if the code a unit depends on does not change, then the unit does not need to be recompiled. The issue is that running such scripts each time would cause a full rebuild of your whole project, this is usually a waste of time when you only changed a small amount of code. In the simplest sense this could be done using a bash (or any other language) script, this is required when your code files have dependencies on each other or on external libraries/programs. The point is the manage the creating and installation of programs in a consistent way. With a Makefile, you would have to program this information yourself. For example it will analyze your C and C++ source files and figure out which. In this case only main.c needs to be recompiled, because that's all you changed.ĬMake does basically the same thing, but it tries to be a little more intelligent. Later if you change main.c and rerun make, the output might look like this gcc -c -o main.o main.c The output might look something like this if you are using GCC as your compiler gcc -c -o main.o main.c So with make and an appropriate Makefile you would write make mainĪnd it would execute commands to build a.c, b.c, and c.c (if needed), then it would build main.c (if needed), then it would link everything into a program. Additionally for each a.h, b.h and c.h there is a corresponding a.c, b.c and c.c implementation file. For example, suppose you have a file called main.c, and inside main.c you include a.h, b.h and c.h. ![]() Make is a tool that tries to builds your program based on a recipe (called a Makefile). Make is still great for smaller projects, and projects that only need to run on Unix/Linux/macOS, and projects that aim to have as few requirements as possible. If your compiler tries to include a file that wasn't listed as a dependency, Bazel will fail and force you to list that dependency, otherwise the same build could behave differently on a different machine.ĬMake tends to be more popular for open-source software libraries that need to be used by thousands of different programmers on different platforms with different requirements and uses.īazel tends to be more popular when a single development team has a really large project (millions of lines of code) and they want to all standardize on a build tool that's extremely fast and robust. Rather than focusing on IDE support like CMake does, Bazel's strength is building more quickly and guaranteeing reproducibility of builds - for example, Bazel requires all inputs to be explicitly specified. "Bazel" was only released in 2015, though it's based on software Google has been using internally since much earlier. Essentially those IDEs already do build automation, and CMake allows you to take advantage of those tools without maintaining two separate build files. Its main improvement over "make" is that it supports Windows and other platforms that are less like Unix much better, and it integrates better with the IDEs that people use often - for example, you can create a single software package with a single CMakefile that can then be used to generate files for Visual Studio on Windows and for XCode on macOS. "CMake" began in 1999, so it's much newer. It's pretty universal on Unix-like systems including Linux and modern macOS, and it's sometimes used on Windows too. Of the three, "make" is the oldest, it dates back to 1976. In a nutshell, the software is a lot like a shell script: you just tell it the command lines for what to compile, and it runs them for you. Build automation software can do that too. In addition, building a complete program may include other steps like compiling documentation into a PDF file, packaging source images into resource files, and other steps like that. In C and C++, building a complete software package at a minimum requires *compiling* all of the source files with arguments pointing them to the location of header files to use, then *linking* together all of the compiled source files into a final executable along with libraries that need to be included in the application. All three of those are build automation software, used frequently for software written in C and C++, but also for many other languages. ![]()
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